Kiln, furnace, or oven for ceramics.



No. 549359. Patented May 8, 1900.

E. K. B. ROHADT &. F. A. TEIFKE.

KILN FURNACL OR OVEP' FOR CERAMICS.

(Application filed Aug. 12, 1899.)

(No Model.) v 2 sheets-Shet l llllll lll No. '649,359. Patented May 8, 1900. E. K. B. RDHARDT & F. A. TEIFKE.

K|LN,FURNACE0R OV EN FOB CERAMICS.

(A lication filed Aug. 2, 1899.

2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

' hl'lTiED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNST KAY BERNHARD ROHARDT AND FRIEDRICH ALBERT TEIFKE, OF UETERSEN-MOORREGE, GERMANY.

KILN, FURNACE, OR OVEN FOR CERAMICS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. G49,359, dated May 8, 1900.

Application filed August 12. 1899. Serial No. 727,090. (No model.)

TO ((,ZZ whmn il nur/y conccrn:

.le it known that we, ERNST KAY BERNHARD ROHARDT and FRIEDRICH ALBERT TEIFKE, snbjects of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, residing at Uetersen-Moorrege, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have inven ted certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns, Furnaces, or Ovens for Ceramics, (for which we have applied for patents in England, No.11,058, dated May 26,1899; in France, No, 277,203, dated May26, 1899; in Belgium, No. 112,*239, dated May 26, 1899; in Switzerland, No. 21,234, dated May 23, 1899; in Italy, dated May 23, 1899; in Austria, dated May 27, 1899; in Hungary, No. 8,15 l, dated May 30, 1899; in Germany, dated May 6, 1899; in Sweden, No. 891, dated May 23, 1899; in Norway, No, 11,184, dated May 26, 1899; in Denmark, No. 542, dated May 20, 1899, and in Russia, No. 7,872, dated May 17, 1899,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention reiates to a kiln, furnace, or burning-oven for ceramics, and has for its object the burning of such articles by radiating heat only, so that the objects to be burned do not come at all in contact with the fiame and gases of combustion, whereby the bnrningis effected much more cleanly and evenly and with much less waste than is the case otherwise. In order that this invention may be the better nnderstood, we now proceed to describe how the same may be carried into effe'ct, referenee being had to the accompanyingdrawings and to the letters marked thereon.

Like letters refer to like parts in the various figures.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through an oven or furnace constructed according to this invention. Fig. 2 shows a transverse section therethrough. Figs. 3 and 4 show details.

A chamber a for the reception of the articles to be burned, completely closed against the flame and gasesof combustion, consists, preferably, of fireproof plates or slabs selected as thin as possible, so that the heat may pass as quickly as possible. The chamber a is surrounded by the fire and smoke flues, which are arranged so that the 'flames and hot gases proceeding from the grate b pass below the ehamber a, through several fiues c, into aflue or chamber d at the back of the chamber a, from which they pass through side flues to return to the front into a chamber g, whence they pass over the top of the chanber ato the uptake In order to produce sufficient circulation of air in the chamber a, air-suction pipes 7: are provided in the front o1`: the furnace, in which the air passing to the chanber a is heated through the hot wall and gases sm rounding the pipe or pipes. The moist air or vapors escape from the chamber a by an exit-m, carried through the fine l) into an openair flue l. The circulation of air may be regulated by a slide 0, inserted into the fine Z.

The wall or partition which separates the snoke-fiue or chamber (1 from the fluec may be formed as a slide 1), so that, if desired, the gases may pass direct to the nptake over the top of the chanbersa instead of passing also below at the back and sides thereof.

The action of the oven will be obvious from the foregoing description. The hot fire gases give up their greatest heat to the bottom of the chambera, over which the heavy cold air is collected. They then pass to the back of the chamber along the sides, front, and top of the chamber in order to escape through the uptake i after having given up their available heat. The burning 'of the articles in the chamber co will thus be very clean, and the circulation of air may be regulated, according to experience or experiment, so as to allow for the greater or less amount of moisture contained in the goods to be burned. The draft of air through the fiue Z will act as a suction to draw fresh air through the pipes K and also to draw the moist air from the chamber a.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. A kiln or furnace, comprising a casing, a chamber arranged within the casing and having flues along its bottom connecting with a rear end fine which communicates with side flues in turn communicating with a front fine eonnecting with a top fine, the single top flue embracing the entire top surface of the chamber, the single side flues embracing the entire side sul-faces of the chamber, and the single end flues embracing the entire end surfaees of the chamber, and the several flues being so separated that the products of combustion must pass from the bottom flues to the rear end flue, thence through the side flues to the front flue and then to and through the top fiue, substantially as specified.

2. A kiln or furnace for the purpose clescribed, comprising a oasing, a chamber arranged in the casing and having flues extending around its top, bottom, sides and ends, a danper between the forward end fiue and the furnace, a grate arranged iu the forward end of the bottom fiue, air-pipes leading to the fiue, an air-cha'mber in the base of the furnace, and a pipe providing communication ERNST KAY BERNHARD ROHARDT. FRIEDRICII ALBERT TEIFKE.

Witesses:

GUsTAv ACHS, E. I I. L. MUMMENHOFF. 

